Learn more about the history, effects, and legality of marijuana. A brief history of the medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids in the 19th century, cannabis tinctures were used in britain and the us to relieve pain and nausea grinspoon and bakalar, 1993. An additional 1,500 kg of marijuana was produced this year for preparation of thcrich cannabis extract. The highest level found in the plant is around 32%. Martin booth to some its the classic gateway drug, to others it is a harmless way to relax, or provide relief from pain. Doctors in europe and the united states soon began to prescribe it for a variety of physical conditions. Welcome,you are looking at books for reading, the cannabis a history, you will able to read or download in pdf or epub books and notice some of author may have lock the live reading for some of country. Therefore it need a free signup process to obtain the book. It was listed in the united states dispensatory in 1854 with a warning that large doses were dangerous and that it was a powerful narcotic. History of cannabis as a medicine by lester grinspoon, m. Read cannabis online by martin booth books free 30day trial. Jan 21, 2016 cannabis flowers, seeds, buds, and roots have been used in the form of powder, oil, paste, drinks, edibles, and drugs to treat ailments for thousands of years. Over 300 kg of the product thc cannabis extract was manufactured this year. Ancient doctors prescribed marijuana for pain relief but also advised against using it too much as it could cause the user to see devils.
It has been used by humans throughout recorded history for its food, fiber and medicine. The cannabis plant has been used for spiritual, medicinal and recreational purposes since the early days of civilization. While each region has its own distinct history with the crop, this article outlines the history of cannabis cultivation in three parts of the country the. A brief history this is the story of a piece of federal legislation called the controlled substances act and how it transformed federal law regarding marijuana, why it. But what is often left out of the dialogue is the more than 6000 years of documented experience people have had with this plant. History of cannabis as a medicine 154 before the christian era cannabis sativa cannabis is among the earliest plants cultivated by man.
The introduction of cannabis in the western medicine occurred. Cannabis, or marijuana, is a plant frequently used for several purposes around the world. Pdf cannabis as a medicine was used before the christian era in asia, mainly in india. Medical and recreational use of marijuana has become an increasingly legitimate and. The following historical references do not capture the entirety of our history with cannabis, they are snapshots that illustrate a pattern of use similar to how cannabis is used today. The rise and decline of cannabis prohibition the history. Providing a short and clear overview of such a complex topic area is, however, challenging. Marijuana is known by several other names, including pot, grass, and weed. As a result, even scientists face great difficulty in obtaining cannabis for research purposes. Smoking cannabis becomes popular in the middle east. History of marijuana cannabis history us history of. The main psychoactive component of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol thc, which is one of the 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids. Index of free cannabis ebooks pdf adverse effects of marijuana albuquerque hl indoor cannabis garden guide a population based case control study of marijuana use and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma basic soil grow guide beginner guide to growing grass big book of buds biology of marijuana from gene to.
I am in the process of reading the book at this time, and it offers up more information than anyone who has ever even been in the same room with any cannabis could ever remember when they try to tell others of this subject. One popular history of the plant dubbed it the mexican connection, while a cannabis historian recently addressed it as the mexican hypothesis lee, 2012, p. Cannabis sativa, also known as cannabis indica or indian hemp, is an annual herb of the family cannabinaceae. The history of medicinal cannabis background as early as 2737 b. The history of medicinal cannabisa 3 montana legislature. Although cannabis has been cultivated for over 6,000 years, for uses such as textiles, medicine, and food. Two of these reasons include medical purposes and use to achieve a high, or. The story is one of religious, medicinal, and recreational use that goes back thousands of years on every continent. We also have many ebooks and user guide is also related with cannabis a history martin booth pdf, include. Marijuana, drug composed of the leaves and flowers of plants in the genus cannabis.
Some fear it is dangerous and addictive, while others feel it should be decriminalized. This resolution declares support for the medicinal use of cannabis sativa also known as marijuana, and directs the presbyterian church u. For over 12,000 years, different cultures have used cannabis for medicine, clothing, religious ceremonies, recreation, construction and countless other purposes. China first recorded use of cannabis as medicine in chinese pharmacopoeia cannabis is one of the 50 fundamental herbs in traditional chinese medicine medical use of cannabis included, rheumatism, intestinal constipation, female reproductive system disorders, malaria, and other uses. Marijuana, also known as cannabis or pot, has a long history of human use. The history of cannabis cultivation in america dates back to the early colonists, who grew hemp for textiles and rope.
A brief history of marijuana and its medicinal effects. By the early 1200s, smoking marijuana had become very popular in. History of marijuana cannabis history us history of weed. In the united states, the united kingdom, and canada, small portions of the population have been allowed to use marijuana for medical purposes, but the laws regarding the use of cannabis are changing almost constantly.
Humans have been using cannabis for its fibers for 12,000 years and for its medicinal properties for over 3,000 years. Today, using cannabis as a drug is illegal in most of the world, though some countries allow small amounts for personal use. American colonists were once encouraged to grow and cultivate cannabis for hemp, but it all changed when the plants more medicinal uses were. The complicated history of cannabis in the us history. Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant used primarily for medical or recreational purposes. An investigation of the culture of hemp, the most widely distributed hallucinogenic on earth. Aleister crowley, timothy leary, allen ginsberg, and harry anslinger. The oldest known written record on cannabis use comes from the chinese emperor shen nung in 2727 b. The illegal cultivation of cannabis in the united states has a long history, the weight of which is currently propelling a number of us states to legalize and regulate the plant after more than eighty years of outright prohibition. I still have about 80 pages to go, but this book has been incredibly informative. Chinese legend states that its usefulness in treating rheumatism, gout, malaria and, oddly enough, absentmindedness was documented by chinese emperor shen nung known as the father of chinese medicine. The first reference to its use is in a chinese medical manual dating back to around 2700 b.
Became a major commercial crop alongside tobacco and was grown as a source of fiber. Cannabis has been used medicinally by many cultures for millennia, but the war on drugs prohibited its use. Mr booth is in my opinion offers the best information on this controvercial subject. Ikhlas khan became codirector of the um marijuana project. The cannabis plant has two main subspecies, thin leaves with a cannabis a brief history what is cannabis. Cannabis in the ancient world chris bennet the role of cannabis in the ancient world was manifold, a food, fiber, medicine and as a magically empowered religious sacrament. A brief chronological timeline 1940 roger adams isolates cbd from marijuana, but didnt exactly know what he had found most people give raphael mechoulam credit for the discovery of cbd see below, but few people know it was actually first isolated from the cannabis sativa l. Dec 28, 2016 here is the story of cannabis, aka marijuana. Cannabis was even given to queen victoria by her court physician. The cannabis plant and history of medical use an overview by kalant, 12 provides a historical context and an impression of deja vu, as the medical benefits of cannabis continue to be debated globally.
Hashish oil, a solventextracted liquid, is consumed by smoking or inhalation vaporization or as a food additive. In this paper the focus will be on archaic references to cannabis use as both a medicine and a sacrament, rather than as a source of food or fiber, and its role in a. Cannabis, including hemp and its psychoactive counterpart, has a long but largely overlooked historical geography. Cannabis is a complex plant that contains over 400 unique chemical entities, many of which are cannabinoids and terpenes. The following historical references do not capture the entirety of our history with cannabis, they are snapshots that illustrate a pattern of use similar to how cannabis is used. Between 900 the use of cannabis spread throughout the arab world. A brief history of marijuana in the united states and an. The prevalence of cannabis use is expected to increase following recent legalization of medical and recreational use in several countries worldwide and the introduction of a legal cannabis industry. In the arab world, references to hashish began to show up between 800 a. Pdf history of cannabis and its preparations in saga, science. The pot smoked at woodstock in 1969 and through the late 1970s contained roughl 1% thc. Today it is illegal in most places, but that likely is to soon change, especially after people watch this video.
Situating the topic within varied perspectives such as world. Cannabis, along with heroin and lsd, is assigned to the highly restrictive schedule i. Pdf a natural history of cannabis sativa foreword paul. This history of medical cannabis course is designed to have you think critically about past, present, and future research on the health effects of cannabis by developing a more nuanced understanding of the barriers to research as well as different approaches to research. Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the world 1. Most ancient cultures didnt grow the plant to get high, but as herbal medicine, likely starting in asia around 500 bc. Cannabis is the most commonly cultivated, trafficked, and abused illicit drug. Pdf understanding the cultural and medical history of cannabis use is an important component to the successful integration of cannabis in modern. History, pharmacology, and implications for the acute care setting. All other things being equal, thc appears to decrease anxiety at lower doses and increase anxiety at higher doses. Sometime around 500 600 ce, there was a mention of the euphoric properties on cannabis in the jewish talmud. It has long been used as a medicine in india, china, the middle east. Covers many interesting aspects of cannabis influence throughout history from the ancient hindu traditions in india, to the truth behind the legendary assassins, and touching upon many of the 19th and 20th century figures that are essential to the drug counterculture.
The drugs popularity as a medicine spread throughout asia, the middle east. Population data suggests that 4% of the global population uses cannabis and that one out of ten users develops daily use patterns 2. The history of cannabis and its usage by humans dates back to at least the third millennium bc in written history, and possibly further back by archaeological evidence. Much of what we know about the early history of cannabis comes from. Index of free cannabis ebooks pdf adverse effects of marijuana albuquerque hl indoor cannabis garden guide a population based case control study of marijuana use and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma basic soil grow guide beginner guide to growing grass big book of buds biology of marijuana from gene to behavior book of grass an anthology on indian hemp. It is a native to central asia, and long cultivated in asia, europe and china. The area of medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids is extremely dynamic. Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract. Therefore, this fact sheet focuses on wellvalidated, selfreport measures that have been designed or modi. The first evidence of the use of cannabis was found in china, where archeological and historical findings indicate that that plant was cultivated for fibers since 4. For millennia, the plant has been valued for its use for fiber and rope, as food and medicine, and for its psychoactive properties for religious and recreational use. Changing perceptions have now led to fresh interest in this wonder weed. In this report the transnational institute and the global drug policy observatory describe in detail the history of.
If it available for your country it will shown as book reader and user fully subscribe will benefit by having full. The history of cannabis use goes back as far as 12,000 years, which places the plant among humanitys oldest cultivated crops, according to information in. Oct 17, 2014 the history of cannabis use goes back as far as 12,000 years, which places the plant among humanitys oldest cultivated crops, according to information in the book marihuana. However, by the twentieth century, medical use of cannabis had largely declined, and its consumption for medical purposes was already very limited when in 1961 cannabis was. Importantly, there are a number of caveats that need to be borne in mind when interpreting the findings of this report. It is a major crop worldwide, surpassing, for example, logging in. We all know the mythology behind marijuana but cannabis. Ancient greeks and romans were also familiar with cannabis, while in the middle east, use spread throughout the islamic empire to north africa. Sep 25, 2014 cannabis, including hemp and its psychoactive counterpart, has a long but largely overlooked historical geography. The average strength of the marijuana plant in the u. Apr 17, 2020 the complicated history of cannabis in the us. The rise and decline of cannabis prohibition the history of. Cannabis, history of cannabis, medical cannabis, cannabinoid introduction today there is much discussion and debate over cannabis and its use in healthcare.